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11 Burning Questions


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Find out everything you've always wanted to know about wildfire EMS but were afraid to ask.

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Practice in Context
Inconsistent EMS delivery on wildland-fire incidents comes from the differences in training between EMTs and wilderness first responders. The EMT curriculum focus on treatment. Wilderness medicine focuses on prevention....

  1. Can I go out as an EMT on a wildfire?

    Yes. While there is no National Wildfire Coordinating Group position description for an emergency medical technician, EMTs and other EMS positions frequently are ordered as "technical specialists" for incidents through the Resources Order Support System, or ROSS. EMTs should have their Red Cards, and certifications must be current in their home jurisdictions. Each agency may have additional or slightly different requirements, and EMS resources may have further requirements. Don't forget to always carry a copy of your current EMT/EMT-P card.

  2. Is there a Fireline EMT position?

    No. There is no national or NWCG Fireline EMT position. However, CALFIRE has established Fireline EMT and Fireline Medic positions, which are not in the national ordering system. The U.S. Forest Service also is introducing a Wildfire EMT as a technical specialist position into its Incident Qualifications and Certification System. The mnemonic "WEMT" will start to be used this year. CALFIRE requires an arduous fitness level for its Fireline EMT and Fireline Medic positions, whereas the Forest Service has placed a moderate fitness level on the Wildfire EMT position.

  3. I hold a current National Registry card. Does that entitle me to do anything in the wildland community?

    No. A current NREMT or NREMT-P certification is evidence that you have taken and successfully passed the National Registry exam. Thirty-six states currently use the National Registry exam as part of their certification and licensing process. However, the possession of a National Registry card alone does not permit you to work in EMS. You always must comply with state and local jurisdictional requirements, such as course work, demonstrated competency, application and fees, and oversight.

  4. How do I obtain reciprocity to work as an EMT on a wildland fire?

    There are two primary paths. The first is to provide a copy of your current certification to the incident medical unit leader (MEDL or IMSM). You then complete the NWCG Request for Recognition, submitting it to the state in which the incident is located. If possible, include a signed copy of your protocols and orders. If you move to another incident or state, this process will have to be repeated.

    Alternatively, you can seek certification in any state where you desire to work, provided you meet the state's requirements.

  5. I have taken the Wilderness EMT course. Does that help?

    Although the Wilderness EMT program offers a number of different approaches to the treatment of the sick and injured in remote locations, it generally is not recognized by state or local EMS authorities. It also is not recognized by the NWCG or most - if not all - of the wildland agencies. Consequently, it is not in the ordering system.

  6. Can I be hired as an EMT (or EMT-P) and also be paid for my trauma or jump kit?

    While this practice has occurred (and probably will in the future), it should not happen for several reasons:

    • The NWCG lacks a standardized first aid kit list and accompanying rates.

    • Individuals incur additional liability.

    • The incident management team faces significant logistical issues.

    • The Incident Emergency Medical Task Group has made several recommendations addressing this practice.

  7. Can I work as a paramedic (EMT-P) or in another emergency medical position, such as nurse practitioner or physician assistant?

    Yes, if you receive the proper authorization from an authorized medical director. Always carry a copy of your current card, as well as a signed copy of your protocols/standing orders, if possible. The EMT-P, while not defined, is listed as a mnemonic.


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